FILE 357 / 26 January 2023 / 170 MIN / full

Crushed Skulls & Missing Golf Clubs

Prescott, ArizonaListen

The town

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It's in central Arizona ... it's in Yavapi county, area code 928, and the motto here is 'welcome to everybody's hometown'. about 0:06:22

History, in brief

1583

The Yavapai were there first; the Spanish explorer Antonio de Espejo came in 1583 looking for gold.

about 0:07:15

Town note

There was no permanent white settlement until the 1860s, when the Walker Party explored the area for gold.

about 0:07:19

Town note

Gold was struck by Lynx Creek, Weaver Creek and Big Bug.

about 0:07:54
All 11 history facts

1583

The Yavapai were there first; the Spanish explorer Antonio de Espejo came in 1583 looking for gold.

about 0:07:15

Town note

There was no permanent white settlement until the 1860s, when the Walker Party explored the area for gold.

about 0:07:19

Town note

Gold was struck by Lynx Creek, Weaver Creek and Big Bug.

about 0:07:54

1863

Arizona became a territory once gold was found in 1863.

about 0:07:56

Town note

Fort Whipple was established near Chino Valley and was the territorial capital.

about 0:08:13

Town note

Gold and silver mining increased fighting between the newcomers and the Native people already there.

about 0:08:19

1877

Mary Sawyer was a woman who dressed in men's clothes, drank hard, swore and worked her own mining claim; in 1877 she was put in an insane asylum, where she stayed until her death in 1902.

about 0:09:03

1867

Prescott was the capital of the Arizona territory until 1867, when the capital moved to Tucson.

about 0:09:25

1878

Virgil Earp, Wyatt's brother, lived in Prescott from 1878 as a constable, and Doc Holliday was there in the summer of 1880 and appears on the 1880 census.

about 0:10:02

The figures, as told

Religious

26.2%

Biggest faith: Catholic residents, 7.9%

about 0:16:11

Who lives here

White 87.3% · Black 0.5% · Asian 1.2% · Hispanic 7.9%

Ethnicity can overlap race.

Crime / national average

Property crime
about average

about 0:25:14

Violent crime
about right about average, slightly below

about 0:25:59

Money

Median home value$509,900
Two-bedroom rentabout $1,092
Median household income$45,190 a year
Cost of living122

For sale

$879,000

Three-bedroom house built into the mountain

about 0:19:35
All figures and comparisons, as told in 2023

Population of the whole area

"44,837"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:14:51

Female residents

"over 51%"

Direction: above.

As told in 2023 about 0:15:10

Median age

"56.6"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:15:10

Aged 85 and older

"5%"

Comparison: "normally less than two". Direction: below.

As told in 2023 about 0:15:29

Married residents

"51%"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:15:38

White residents

"87.3%"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:15:49

Black residents

"0.5%"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:15:49

Asian residents

"1.2%"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:16:03

Native American residents

"0.9%"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:16:03

Hispanic residents

"7.9%"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:16:03

Religious residents

"26.2%"

Comparison: "about half the norm, usually 50%". Direction: below.

As told in 2023 about 0:16:11

Catholic residents

"7.9%"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:16:19

Jewish residents

"0.2%"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:16:32

Voted Democratic in the last presidential election

"34.5%"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:16:36

Voted Republican in the last presidential election

"63.7%"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:16:36

Independent voters

"1.7%"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:16:36

Median household income

"$45,190 a year"

Comparison: "a little bit lower than the norm". Direction: below.

As told in 2023 about 0:16:50

Cost of living index

"122"

Comparison: "100 is the regular average". Direction: above.

As told in 2023 about 0:17:05

Median home cost

"$509,900"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:17:23

Average two-bedroom rent

"about $1,092"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:18:04

Two-bedroom trailer listing

"$50,000"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:18:24

Three-bedroom house built into the mountain

"$879,000"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:19:35

Three-bedroom Airbnb-style house

"$975,000"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:20:15

Property crime

"about average"

Comparison: "national average". Direction: about the same.

As told in 2023 about 0:25:14

Violent crime

"about right about average, slightly below"

Comparison: "national average". Direction: about the same.

As told in 2023 about 0:25:59

The reviews

3.3 / 5 · average of 3

5 stars

“Prescott is super unique and makes for a very special hometown; the courthouse square is the most popular spot, and there is good hiking, several man-made lakes and the Granite Dells.”
about 0:10:29

4 stars

“A historian's dream with history pouring out of every building, though old people are pouring out of them too; not a modern high-tech city, and there is no diversity, but it is only about 102 at the hottest in summer.”
about 0:12:35

1 star

“The most boring, stupid town on the map; Californians keep coming and raising housing prices, there are no jobs and nothing to do but sit at the square for a drink, and the town keeps adding pointless roads and car washes instead of fixing the roads.”
about 0:13:50

In Arizona

Closest episodes

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  3. Lust, Death, Insanity... And A PotatoBagdad, Arizona · 19 August 202267 km / 42 miShow on map
  4. A Bloody Desert TrailWittmann, Arizona · 17 March 202291 km / 57 miShow on map
  5. Not Even A Little SorryFlagstaff, Arizona · 15 July 2023100 km / 62 miShow on map

The story

Carol Kennedy was a therapist, artist and teacher who had lived in Prescott, Arizona, for most of her adult life. She taught yoga psychology, painting and dream work at Prescott College for eleven years, and by 2008 she was working as a therapist at Pia's Place, an extended care treatment facility for women on the outskirts of downtown Prescott. The marriage had been troubled for years. Carol's friends said she had counted seventeen affairs, including one with her own midwife while she was pregnant. In 2003 the couple separated, and in 2007 Carol filed for divorce. The divorce was finalised on May 27, 2008.

The separation was bitter, fought over money, the house and the children. Carol had agreed to a settlement but then realised she could not afford the mortgage on her own, partly because Steve had taken out a second mortgage without telling her. She earned about $24,000 a year from counselling. The couple continued to argue over smaller sums. On the evening of July 2, 2008, Carol emailed Steve to dispute his claim that she owed him $8,300, refusing to give him a cheque so that he could cover $6,000 in overdue alimony.

That night Carol went for a half-hour, three-mile run on the trails behind her house, greeting neighbours on horseback, then came home, texted Steve about Katy's car, texted Charlotte, and at 7.36 p.m. called her 83-year-old mother, Ruth Kennedy, in Nashville. At 7.59 p.m. Ruth heard Carol say 'oh no', and then the line went dead. Ruth called Steve's answering machine and his mobile phone, asking him to go and check on Carol, and then called the police. The house on the 7,400 block of Bridle Path was outside the city's jurisdiction, so the call was passed to the Yavapai County Sheriff's Office.

Deputy Matthew Tainter was sent on the welfare check and arrived at 8.52 p.m., thirty-eight minutes later, because he had stopped a car in front of him. He walked around the dark house, looked through a window and saw a woman lying in a pool of blood. He did not go in. He waited for backup, and Sergeant Candy Acton arrived at 9.10 p.m. Carol's tenant, Jim Knapp, who lived in the guest house at the back, pulled up in his white Ford Ranger and was told to wait in his truck. The deputies stood in the driveway for another hour before entering the house shortly before ten. They found Carol face down in the back bedroom, her right arm under her body, a toppled bookcase beside her and blood spattered across the desk, the walls and the carpet. An ambulance crew arrived at 9.40 p.m. and confirmed that she was dead.

The scene had been staged. A wooden ladder had been placed over the doorway and a bookcase knocked over to suggest that Carol had fallen, but the blood spatter was underneath the bookcase, the ladder's rungs faced the wrong way, and there were no fingerprints or blood on it. Three of the four bulbs in the laundry room track lighting had been partly unscrewed, and one was missing. The autopsy found seven major skull fractures and more than fifty fractures in all, caused by at least seven blows consistent with a golf club. Whoever killed her had been in a rage, and the detectives had no footprints, fingerprints or DNA to work with.

At first the police looked at Jim Knapp, but he said he had been at his ex-wife's house with his sons, watching a film, and then had stopped at Safeway for cherries and wine. His alibi held. Suspicion moved to Steve. He said he had gone for a long mountain bike ride, had a flat tyre and a dead phone battery, and had scratched his arm and leg on a branch. His phone had been off from 5.36 p.m. until 10.08 p.m., something his girlfriend, Renee Girard, said was unlike him. A neighbour saw him at the airport, and his daughter's boyfriend noticed the fresh scratches. When John Kennedy, Carol's brother, reached Steve at 10.30 p.m. and asked him to drive over to check on Carol, Steve refused, saying she might have a date and he did not want to intrude. He then sent Carol a text and left a voicemail describing the family's concern. A search of his condo found a golf bag with one club missing, a Callaway Big Bertha three wood, and a club cover that was photographed on a garage shelf and was gone when investigators returned. An FBI expert said a shoe print near the house came from a La Sportiva shoe, and Steve had bought a pair in 2006, though the shoes were never found. His computer showed searches for how to kill someone and make it look like a suicide. He said he was researching a novel.

A few months later Jim Knapp died by suicide, a gunshot wound to the chest. During the delay Renee Girard broke up with Steve and helped investigators find a packed bag he kept ready in case he had to flee. The defence argued that the case was built on suspicion: there was no DNA, blood, hair or fibre linking Steve to the house. The DNA found under Carol's fingernails was eventually traced to Ronald Berman, a man whose autopsy had been carried out on the same table shortly before Carol's, and whose blood had contaminated the sample. The defence also pointed at Jim Knapp, who was said to have wanted more than friendship with Carol and to have expected her to fund a coffee franchise.

Charlotte graduated from college in 2014 with a degree in finance, and Katy went on to law school. The golf club was never found.

The case

Murder of Carol Kennedy

Victims

Carol Kennedy. therapist and artist; taught at Prescott College for eleven years, worked at Pia's Place, mother of two, divorced from Steve

Accused and outcomes

As told in the episode, on 26 January 2023.

Accused

Outcome

Other people

Ruth Kennedy. Carol's 83-year-old mother in Nashville, on the phone with her when she died
John Kennedy. Carol's brother
Renee Girard. Steve's girlfriend
Jan Wheeler. Carol's friend and neighbour
Catherine Mornette. Carol's friend
Jake. Charlotte's boyfriend, living at Steve's condo
Deputy Matthew Tainter. the first deputy sent on the welfare check
Sergeant Candy Acton. the sergeant who arrived at 9.10 p.m.
Detective Brown. the first detective at the scene
Lieutenant Dave Rhodes. the lieutenant at the scene
Julie Corwin. Jim Knapp's ex-girlfriend, who testified that she became afraid of him
Ronald Berman. the man whose autopsy contaminated the DNA sample

The timeline

  1. October 10th, 1982 Carol and Steve marryabout 0:37:05
  2. 1992 Their daughter Charlotte is bornabout 0:37:09
  3. 1995 Steve leaves academia and becomes an investment brokerabout 0:38:01
  4. 2003 Carol and Steve separateabout 0:45:48
  5. 2007 Carol files for divorceabout 0:47:14
  6. May 27th, 2008 The divorce is finalisedabout 0:55:13
  7. late June 2008 The family see Katy off at the airport before her study abroad in South Africa (Sky Harbor Airport)about 0:56:35
  8. July 1st, 2008 Charlotte's boyfriend Jake moves into Steve's condo (Steve 's condo)about 1:18:09
  9. July 2nd, 2008 Carol closes the office at 4.30 p.m. (Pia's Place)about 1:03:29
  10. July 2nd, 2008, 6.30 p.m. Carol emails Steve disputing his claim that she owes him $8,300about 1:08:31
  11. July 2nd, 2008 Carol goes for a half-hour three-mile run on the trails behind the house (trail behind Carol's house)about 1:08:46
  12. July 2nd, 2008, 7.06 p.m. Carol texts Steve about Katy's car, then texts Charlotte at 7.12 p.m.about 1:10:10
  13. July 2nd, 2008, 7.36 p.m. Carol calls her mother Ruth on the cordless phone (Carol Kennedy's house)about 1:11:13
  14. July 2nd, 2008, 7.59 p.m. Ruth hears Carol say 'oh no' and the line goes dead (Carol Kennedy's house)about 1:14:45

Places and phrases

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Places in the story

Public places are marked on the map.

Heard in this episode