FILE 374 / 25 March 2023 / 69 MIN / express

The Man In The Box

Kankakee, IllinoisListen

The town

N ↑Town centre (approximate places)
Static locations; no street basemap. Places and details. OpenFreeMap © OpenMapTiles Data from OpenStreetMap.

"We're going to Illinois here... the town Kankakee... It's about an hour south of Chicago." about 0:03:14

History, in brief

Town note

The name is thought to come from the Miami-Illinois word 'ti akiki', meaning open country, exposed land or land exposed to view.

about 0:05:04
All 2 history facts

Town note

The name is thought to come from the Miami-Illinois word 'ti akiki', meaning open country, exposed land or land exposed to view.

about 0:05:04

The figures, as told

Money

Median home value$117,300
Median household income$32,265
All figures and comparisons, as told in 2023

Population

"24,903"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:03:39

Median household income

"$32,265"

Comparison: "well under the national average". Direction: below.

As told in 2023 about 0:03:47

Share making under $20,000 a year

"30%"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:03:53

Median home cost

"$117,300"

No direction stated.

As told in 2023 about 0:04:01

The reviews

2.5 / 5 · average of 4

5 stars

“The reviewer loves Kankakee, was born and raised there, calls it a very special place and wants to help it grow.”
about 0:05:34

3 stars

“A town that lost a lot of its big employers but is holding on and trying to recover through arts and community; close enough to the city to commute, far enough to know your neighbours, and host to the Chicago Bears' summer training camp for over 15 years.”
about 0:05:53

1 star

“The reviewer left 30 years ago and took a bus to Miami; it was the best thing he ever did, and he urges anyone to get out no matter what.”
about 0:06:19

1 star

“So much crime and gang-related shootings every day; all there is to do is buy drugs, there are no good jobs, everybody is in a gang or sells drugs, and if you don't have a gun you had better get one.”
about 0:06:59

In Illinois

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The story

Stephen B. Small was a wealthy man in Kankakee, Illinois, about an hour south of Chicago. His great-grandfather, Len Small, had been a two-term Illinois governor, and his family built a newspaper and broadcasting conglomerate; his aunt, Jean Small, edited the Kankakee Daily Journal. Stephen, forty in 1987, directed the Kankakee Historical Society and was restoring a Frank Lloyd Wright house, the Bradley House, to turn it into a museum. He had also bought the former Yesteryear restaurant across the street for the same purpose.

At half past midnight on September 2nd, 1987, the phone rang at the Small house. Ramsey answered; a deep voice said he was from the Kankakee police and there had been a break-in at the Bradley House. Ramsey woke his father, who spoke to the caller and left; Ramsey heard the garage door open and close. An unidentified man said her husband had been kidnapped, and then Stephen's voice came on: he was handcuffed inside a box under a couple of feet of sand, had 48 hours of air, and she should get one million dollars. A voice behind him said 'grave' rather than box. He told her to contact the family attorney and investment manager. The family raised the money, but police and the FBI were already involved because of the size of the cash request.

At 5.03 p.m. a call played a poor-quality tape of Stephen giving directions for the drop, saying a map would come in the mail; it was too garbled to follow. The frustrated kidnapper phoned Jean Small at 5.40 p.m., said he made his living kidnapping wealthy people in small towns, that Stephen was buried, and that police would bring a bloodbath; he threatened to kill Jean and her husband too. Small's maroon Mercedes was found that evening near Aroma Park. A neighbour, a sheriff's deputy, had heard a car pull up at about three that morning and seen it drive off followed by a white van with no front bumper.

More calls came that night from pay phones in Aroma Park and Kankakee.

The next morning police had the garbage truck emptied and recovered gloves, a Radio Shack receipt for an audio cassette and electrical straps, a gun and a saw. That day, with aircraft and dogs searching, he took investigators to the spot. Small was found three and a half feet down in sandy dirt inside a homemade box six feet long, lying on his back in a red T-shirt and jeans, shoes off, a jacket rolled behind his head. There was a light wired to two car batteries, a gallon of water, candy bars, gum, a flashlight and a 20-foot PVC pipe, but no hole had been cut for the pipe; it merely reached slits in the box. The medical examiner said the air supply was insufficient and he probably suffocated within an hour, without a struggle. The cause of death was asphyxia due to suffocation.

Witnesses had seen him building the box all summer, with changing explanations: a lemonade stand, storage, something for his brother's pool. He had also been heard envying Small after seeing him leave a boat store in his Ferrari.

Neighbours testified to a light-coloured van with a spare tyre driving through the alley by the Small house eight to ten times that summer, with a blonde woman staring from it.

The prosecution said the candy bars, light, water and pipe were used to lure Small into the box and keep him quiet, and that he needed Small to make the tape recordings; the defence called the faulty air system an accident, not intentional murder. She apologised to the Small family, saying the day of the kidnapping was the most horrendous of her life and that she did not knowingly take part in the murder.

The case

Kidnapping and murder of Stephen B. Small

Victims

Stephen B. Small (40). Wealthy businessman and director of the Kankakee Historical Society, restoring a Frank Lloyd Wright house; great-grandson of Illinois governor Len Small

Accused and outcomes

As told in the episode, on 25 March 2023.

Accused

Accused

Outcome

Other people

Ramsey Small. their 15-year-old son, who answered the first calls
Jean Small. Stephen's aunt, editor and publisher of the Kankakee Daily Journal, threatened by the kidnapper
Len Small. Stephen's great-grandfather, two-term Illinois governor 1921 to 1929
Terry Dutor. Aroma Park resident who saw at a pay phone
Karen Thacker. former neighbour of Stephen who saw the van in the alley
Carolyn Mortel. friend of the Small family who saw the van near their home
Mike Evans. FBI agent who saw the man at the phone booth and took the plate number
Elizabeth Lamana. FBI agent who saw the blue Buick and the frightened blonde woman
Agent Russell. agent who spotted car in the driveway
J. Scott Swaim. attorney asked for, a friend of Stephen Small
George Ryan. Illinois lieutenant governor at the time and a neighbour of Small

The timeline

  1. born in Chicago, 40 years old in 1987 Stephen B. Small is born in Chicagoabout 0:12:51
  2. the summer of 1987 builds a large wooden box in his garage; neighbours see it ( and 's home)about 0:58:17
  3. August 30, 1987 and argue; he gets a gun and threatens to kill her, her son and himself (she later says he pointed it at her) ( and 's home)about 0:52:25
  4. August 31, 1987 buys another car battery from a junkyard; last sees the box ( and 's home)about 0:49:49
  5. September 1, 1987, 10.30 p.m. leaves the house in his van, according to ( and 's home)about 0:43:39
  6. September 2, 1987, 12.30 a.m. A caller posing as Kankakee police tells Ramsey Small there is a break-in at the Bradley House; Stephen Small drives off (Small home)about 0:13:03
  7. September 2, 1987, about 3 a.m. A sheriff's deputy neighbour sees a car pull away followed by a white van with no front bumper (Small home)about 0:26:20
  8. September 2, 1987, 3.30 a.m. Ransom call: Small's voice says he is handcuffed inside a box under sand and that there is 48 hours of air; the demand is $1 million (Small home)about 0:19:17
  9. September 2, 1987, shortly after Small suffocates in the box, probably within an hour of being sealed in (Burial site)about 0:38:51
  10. September 2, 1987, 5 p.m. Terry Dutor sees at a pay phone near the Phillips 66 station with a blonde woman waiting in a car (Phillips 66 station)about 0:31:14
  11. September 2, 1987, 5.03 p.m. Another call plays a garbled tape of Small giving ransom delivery directions (Small home)about 0:21:18
  12. September 2, 1987, 5.40 p.m. The kidnapper calls Jean Small, says Stephen is buried, threatens a bloodbath and threatens to kill her and her husband (Small home)about 0:23:47
  13. September 2, 1987, 7 p.m. Small's maroon Mercedes is recovered near Aroma Parkabout 0:25:04
  14. September 2, 1987, 11.28 p.m. Ransom call traced to an Aroma Park phone booth; agents see a white man at the phone and a blonde woman in a car and take the plate number (Phillips 66 station)about 0:27:33
  15. September 2, 1987, 11.30 p.m. Another call from a third pay phone; a dark car, Illinois plate SZG 507, is parked nearby with a blonde woman in the driver's seatabout 0:28:55
  16. September 2, 1987, 11.46 p.m. Fourth ransom call: the caller says she called the police and 'you fucked up' (Small home)about 0:28:07
  17. September 2, 1987, 11.50 p.m. State police see the car with its trunk partly open driving from Kankakee towards Aroma Parkabout 0:29:30
  18. September 3, 1987, 12.30 a.m. Agent Lamana sees a blue Buick pass; the blonde passenger has a look of fright and stares back (Convenience food mart)about 0:29:46
  19. September 3, 1987, 1.20 a.m. car, trunk partly open, arrives home; a bicycle is taken out of the trunk ( and 's home)about 0:32:07
  20. September 3, 1987, 1.40 a.m. drives off in the white van, goes to a grocery store and a gas station and makes a pay phone call ( and 's home)about 0:33:06
  21. September 3, 1987 Police pull over the garbage truck and find gloves, a Radio Shack receipt for an audio tape cassette and electrical straps, a gun and a saw ( and 's home)about 0:33:29
  22. September 4, 1987 leads searchers to the box; Small is found buried three and a half feet down, on his back in a red T-shirt and jeans (Burial site)about 0:36:52

Places and phrases

N ↑Town centre (approximate places)
Static locations; no street basemap. Places and details. OpenFreeMap © OpenMapTiles Data from OpenStreetMap.

Places in the story

Public places are marked on the map.

Heard in this episode