FILE 76 / 11 July 2018 / 143 MIN / full

Don't Wear Overalls To Court

Cincinnati, ArkansasListen

The town

N ↑Public placeTown centre (approximate places)
Static locations; no street basemap. Places and details. OpenFreeMap © OpenMapTiles Data from OpenStreetMap.

We are going all the way to Cincinnati. Arkansas. It's in the northwest part of Arkansas, right on the western border near the Oklahoma border, in Washington County. about 0:05:17

History, in brief

1857

Before 1857 the settlement was not known as Cincinnati.

about 0:10:21

1838

The first post office there was the Sylvia Post Office, established in 1838.

about 0:13:08
All 13 history facts

1857

Before 1857 the settlement was not known as Cincinnati.

about 0:10:21

1838

The first post office there was the Sylvia Post Office, established in 1838.

about 0:13:08

Town note

In its early years it was a thriving place and people came from Fayetteville for supplies.

about 0:13:20

1857

It became Cincinnati in 1857, named after the nearby Cincinnati Creek.

about 0:14:21

1887

By 1887 it was booming; a newspaper report that year put aggregate sales at $224,935.

about 0:15:31

1887

In 1887 the town had five general merchants, two milliners, a druggist, a wagon factory, an agricultural implement factory, two blacksmiths, two tanneries, two harness shops, an undertaker, two shoe shops, a merchant and custom mill, two physicians, a dentist, a hotel, a livery stable, an academy and two churches.

about 0:16:25

1911

By 1911 the post office had closed and the mail was diverted to Summers.

about 0:16:46

Town note

The area was settled more heavily in the 1830s and forties and became farmland; a sizable number of slaves were used in the 1840s to work the farms.

about 0:17:04

2010

On New Year's Eve 2010 a three-day tornado outbreak produced 37 tornadoes across five states and killed nine people; the worst reached peak intensity at Cincinnati with winds estimated at 142 miles an hour.

about 0:20:36

Town note

Two people were killed when a trailer was destroyed and another man died tending cattle when a barn collapsed.

about 0:22:06

Town note

George W. Bond, a Cincinnati High School graduate who became president of Louisiana Tech University, is the only notable person from the town.

about 0:22:59

The figures, as told

Religious

58%

Biggest faith: Baptist, 23%

about 0:27:09

Who lives here

White 49.29% · Asian 36.67%

Ethnicity can overlap race.

Crime / national average

Property crime
▼ about 15% lower

about 0:32:13

Violent crime
▼ about 20% lower

about 0:32:24

Money

Median home value$123,100
Median household income$37,335
Cost of living82

For sale

$75,000

Two-bedroom, one-bath house, 1,200 square feet

about 0:29:21

For sale

$96,000

Three-bedroom, one-bath house, 1,400 square feet

about 0:29:43
All figures and comparisons, as told in 2018

Property crime

"about 15% lower"

Comparison: "average". Direction: below.

As told in 2018 about 0:32:13

Violent crime

"about 20% lower"

Comparison: "national average". Direction: below.

As told in 2018 about 0:32:24

Population

"1,268"

Comparison: "the wider Cincinnati and Summers area". No direction stated.

As told in 2018 about 0:23:15

Population

"704"

Comparison: "in 1990". No direction stated.

As told in 2018 about 0:23:29

Population growth

"80% increase"

Comparison: "from 704 to 1,268". No direction stated.

As told in 2018 about 0:23:37

Median age

"33.8"

Comparison: "37.4 average". No direction stated.

As told in 2018 about 0:24:14

Male population

"59%"

Comparison: "normally about 49%". No direction stated.

As told in 2018 about 0:24:14

Married population

"81%"

Comparison: "50-50 is the normal". No direction stated.

As told in 2018 about 0:24:57

Single population

"18%"

Comparison: "50-50 is the normal". No direction stated.

As told in 2018 about 0:25:04

Single with children

"0.00"

No direction stated.

As told in 2018 about 0:25:15

White population

"49.29%"

No direction stated.

As told in 2018 about 0:25:58

Asian population

"36.67%"

No direction stated.

As told in 2018 about 0:26:03

Independent

"about 4%"

Comparison: "more than normal". Direction: above.

As told in 2018 about 0:27:49

Baptist

"23%"

Comparison: "the Catholics of the South". No direction stated.

As told in 2018 about 0:27:09

Median household income

"$37,335"

Comparison: "about $16,000 less than the national average". Direction: below.

As told in 2018 about 0:28:12

Agriculture as a share of jobs

"about 25%"

Comparison: "normally 1.3%". No direction stated.

As told in 2018 about 0:28:12

Cost of living index

"82"

Comparison: "100 is the average". Direction: below.

As told in 2018 about 0:28:28

Housing cost index

"66"

Comparison: "the lowest part of the cost of living". No direction stated.

As told in 2018 about 0:28:37

Median home cost

"$123,100"

Comparison: "$185,000 normally in the rest of the country". No direction stated.

As told in 2018 about 0:28:42

Two-bedroom, one-bath house, 1,200 square feet

"$75,000"

No direction stated.

As told in 2018 about 0:29:21

Three-bedroom, one-bath house, 1,400 square feet

"$96,000"

Comparison: "starting at, best offer". No direction stated.

As told in 2018 about 0:29:43

Five-bedroom, three-bath foreclosure, 3,400 square feet

"$287,000"

Comparison: "Zillow estimate of $388,459". No direction stated.

As told in 2018 about 0:30:13

The reviews

No rated reviews

No reviews recorded.

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The story

Cincinnati is an unincorporated community in Washington County, in the north-west corner of Arkansas, close to the Oklahoma border and about three hours from Little Rock, Oklahoma City and Phillips. It has no real borders and no post office of its own; its mail comes through Summers, and its statistics are lumped in with that neighbouring community. Before 1857 the place was not called Cincinnati at all. It began as Buzzard Roost, was later renamed Sylvia, and got its first post office, the Sylvia Post Office, in 1838. In its early years it was prosperous enough that people came from Fayetteville for supplies. It took the name Cincinnati in 1857 from the nearby Cincinnati Creek, even though the larger Cincinnati in Ohio already existed. By 1887 a newspaper report recorded aggregate sales of $224,935 and listed five general merchants, two milliners, a druggist, a wagon factory, an agricultural implement factory, two blacksmiths, two tanneries, two harness shops, an undertaker, two shoe shops, a merchant and custom mill, two physicians, a dentist, a hotel, a livery stable, an academy and two churches. By 1911 the post office had closed and the mail went to Summers. The surrounding land is farm country, settled more heavily in the 1830s and forties, and a sizable number of slaves were used in the 1840s to work those farms. On New Year's Eve 2010 a three-day tornado outbreak produced 37 tornadoes across five states and killed nine people. The worst of them reached peak intensity at Cincinnati, with winds estimated at 142 miles an hour and a width of 300 yards, killing two people in a destroyed trailer and a third man who was tending cattle when his barn collapsed. The town's only notable person, as the episode tells it, is George W. Bond, a Cincinnati High School graduate who became president of Louisiana Tech University.

The area including Summers had a population of 1,268, up 80 per cent from 704 in 1990, with a median age of 33.8 against a national 37.4. The population was 59 per cent male, 81 per cent married and 49.29 per cent white, with an implausible 36.67 per cent recorded as Asian. Fifty-eight per cent were religious, 23 per cent Baptist, 0.01 per cent Jewish and 0.02 per cent Muslim. Median household income was $37,335, about $16,000 below the national figure, and the median home cost $123,100 against $185,000 nationally. Property crime was about 15 per cent below average and violent crime about 20 per cent below the national average.

Pauline Devore, known as Polly, was a farmer and landlord in her seventies. Pauline had inherited hundreds of acres from her parents and made her living from farmland and rental properties, collecting the rents herself once a month in her pickup, and she gambled heavily at casinos, sometimes winning or losing $15,000 at a time. Everyone described her as hard-nosed, controlling and difficult, a tough old redneck cowboy lady who did not tolerate anyone meddling with her money. He grew up farming, served in the Navy with an honourable discharge, drove trucks, kept cattle, belonged to the Arkansas Cattlemen's Association, was president of the Sylam Springs riding club and sat on the board of the Ozark Junior Rodeo Association, and he wore overalls constantly. He met Pauline when he did work on one of her rental properties.

She drank and took drugs through her teens and twenties and into her thirties. In 1997, aged 38, after a family intervention in Texas, she moved back to Arkansas. She worked for her mother, first living in one of Pauline's apartments and then in a trailer on the farm. Pauline's stolen credit card was used for about $1,500 in cash advances between June 10th and 12th, 2007, and Pauline reported it to police on June 12th.

Corporal Kim Wagoner of the Washington County Sheriff's Office came out and found two bullet holes in the windows, two in a gun cabinet, drawers emptied on the floor, no forced entry, no blood and no sign of a struggle on the cluttered patio. He called in detective Connor, and both thought the scene looked staged.

He suggested, unprompted, that someone must have hit her on the head and taken her. On the Saturday she gave two of the stolen guns to Bill Underwood and left Pauline's truck on his property; the guns and truck were recovered on Sunday, June 17th. He also said he had heard rumours that Pauline had been fighting his daughters or had been shot, though he could not remember who told him.

Within days she had moved out of the trailer and into the ranch house with him. He had not called police about any of it. In July 2008 new detectives heard the same story, now with two white men in a car.

On October 19th, 2009 prosecutors said they would not seek the death penalty.

The case

Murder of Pauline Devore

Victims

Pauline Devore (70). known as Polly; farmer and landlord, Devore's wife and mother

Accused and outcomes

As told in the episode, on 11 July 2018.

Accused

Accused

Accused

Outcome

Other people

Bill Underwood. acquaintance who took two of the stolen guns from ; Pauline's truck was left on his property
Jean Partlow. friend and painting co-worker who testified that he saw her and kissing with tongues
Kim Wagoner. Washington County sheriff's corporal who responded to 911 call
Connor. detective called in to the scene by Wagoner

The timeline

  1. November 18th, 1942 is born in Chester, Oklahoma, to Arthur Agnew and Hallie May Devoreabout 0:35:24
  2. 1997 After a family intervention in Texas, 38-year-old moves back to Arkansas, first into one of Pauline's apartments (Pauline's apartment)about 1:07:03
  3. 2003 or 2004 Neighbours begin to gossip that is sleeping with his stepdaughter (Devore farm)about 1:21:21
  4. June 12th, 2007 Pauline files a police report about the stolen credit cardabout 1:27:34
  5. June 14th, 2007 lures Pauline to a secluded spot on the farm; hits her with a tire iron and shoots her three times (burn site)about 1:52:00
  6. June 14th, 2007 The body is burned and the teeth, bone fragments and personal items are scattered over the ranch or thrown into a river (burn site)about 1:52:51

Places and phrases

N ↑Public placeTown centre (approximate places)
Static locations; no street basemap. Places and details. OpenFreeMap © OpenMapTiles Data from OpenStreetMap.

Places in the story

Public places are marked on the map.

Heard in this episode