FILE 332 / 3 November 2022 / 166 MIN / full

A Kiss Before Death

Odessa, TexasListen

The town

N ↑Public placePublic placePublic placePublic placePublic placeTown centre (approximate places)
Static locations; no street basemap. Places and details. OpenFreeMap © OpenMapTiles Data from OpenStreetMap.

This is Odessa, Texas ... This is in Ector County, E-C-T-O-R about 0:04:35

History, in brief

1881

Founded in 1881 as a water stop and cattle shipping point on the railroad.

about 0:06:50

1927

Not incorporated until 1927, when oil was discovered.

about 0:07:33

1929

The Penn Oil Field opened in 1929 and the Cowden Field in 1930.

about 0:07:41
All 8 history facts

1881

Founded in 1881 as a water stop and cattle shipping point on the railroad.

about 0:06:50

1927

Not incorporated until 1927, when oil was discovered.

about 0:07:33

1929

The Penn Oil Field opened in 1929 and the Cowden Field in 1930.

about 0:07:41

Town note

A boom and bust town that has boomed and busted about six times.

about 0:07:55

1925

By 1925 there were 750 people; by 1929 there were 5,000.

about 0:08:06

The figures, as told

Religious

54%

Biggest faith: Baptist, 19.7%

about 0:14:48

Who lives here

White 35.8% · Black 4.9% · Asian 1.6% · Hispanic 55.8%

Ethnicity can overlap race.

Crime / national average

Property crime
▲ about one-third above

about 0:24:01

Violent crime
▲ more than double

about 0:24:09

Money

Median home value$175,200
Two-bedroom rentabout $1,264
Median household income$56,119
Cost of living$84.2
All figures and comparisons, as told in 2022

Property crime

"about one-third above"

Comparison: "national average". Direction: above.

As told in 2022 about 0:24:01

Violent crime (murder, rape, robbery, assault)

"more than double"

Comparison: "national average". Direction: above.

As told in 2022 about 0:24:09

Population today

"125,000"

No direction stated.

As told in 2022 about 0:13:30

Population when the murder happened

"somewhere between 30,000 and 80,000"

No direction stated.

As told in 2022 about 0:13:35

Sex split

"a few more males than females"

No direction stated.

As told in 2022 about 0:14:02

Median age

"about 30"

Comparison: "37 is normal". No direction stated.

As told in 2022 about 0:14:10

Unemployment

"9.9%"

Comparison: "national average, about double". Direction: above.

As told in 2022 about 0:15:26

Median household income

"$56,119"

Comparison: "national average". No direction stated.

As told in 2022 about 0:15:31

Cost of living

"$84.2"

Comparison: "$100 is average". Direction: below.

As told in 2022 about 0:16:00

Housing cost index

"$60 out of $100"

No direction stated.

As told in 2022 about 0:16:03

Median home cost

"$175,200"

No direction stated.

As told in 2022 about 0:16:06

Average two-bedroom rent

"about $1,264"

Comparison: "national average". No direction stated.

As told in 2022 about 0:16:34

Three-bedroom, one-bath listing

"$45,000"

No direction stated.

As told in 2022 about 0:17:47

Four-bedroom, four-bath listing

"$545,000"

No direction stated.

As told in 2022 about 0:18:22

Five-bedroom, seven-bath listing

"$2,565,000"

No direction stated.

As told in 2022 about 0:19:10

The reviews

3.1 / 5 · average of 7

5 stars

“A smaller Texas town expanding rapidly, safe and down to earth; not much to do but always new things to try, and nice maintained parks to enjoy the desert.”
about 0:08:44

5 stars

“A place where Mojo football lives; the reviewer loves everything about it because it makes students feel safe and in touch with society.”
about 0:10:16

4 stars

“Everything is pretty good, but people smile and then awkwardly look away.”
about 0:10:40

3 stars

“The town is only semi-normal and the reviewer would like more kindness and friendship than always having to watch your back.”
about 0:11:10

2 stars

“A busy little town that can be dangerous because of crime and drugs; nothing much open during the pandemic, more like Murder, USA than a quaint town.”
about 0:11:58

2 stars

“People die here every day and the car accidents are horrible.”
about 0:12:28

1 star

“Like driving in a Mad Max film, a cross between monster truck madness and anything goes; pieces of people's dogs and cats are found in the morning.”
about 0:12:49

In Texas

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The story

In the summer of 1960 Betty Jean Williams was seventeen and about to begin her senior year at Odessa High School in Odessa, Texas. Odessa was an oil town in Ector County, a place that had boomed and busted since it was founded in 1881 as a water stop on the railroad, and Betty's family lived on the poor side of town, in a small house on an unpaved street near the oil fields. Her father was a carpenter who could not keep steady work; her mother, Mary, took a job at JCPenney. The family were strict Baptists, and her father preached about sin and damnation.

Betty was bright, restless and theatrical. She read Jack Kerouac and listened to Lenny Bruce, wore black and white lipstick, wrote constantly in diaries and notes, argued against segregation, and dreamed of acting on Broadway. Her cousin, Shelton 'Shelly' Williams, later wrote a book about her, Washed in Blood, and remembered their long talks in the family car. Betty told him most people did not understand her. She was in the drama club, played Juliet in a speech-team scene from Romeo and Juliet, and worked part-time at Woolworth's, saving to leave Odessa.

His father was a Second World War veteran who owned an electrical contracting business. Betty thought he was sensitive and that he listened to her.

Betty was humiliated. Her father searched her room, found her diary and read detailed accounts of her sexual experiences; he was furious and she begged him to believe she had changed. By the winter of 1960 she was depressed, telling friends she would be better off dead. She took four aspirin in what she called a half-hearted suicide attempt, and she climbed into the rafters of the school auditorium intending to throw herself onto the stage but lacked the courage. She asked several classmates, half joking, whether they would kill her; most laughed it off, because Betty was always dramatic.

She asked that he not suffer for it.

On the night of 21 March 1961 Betty sneaked out of the house for a coke date with Ike Nail, a junior who had driven her home from rehearsal. He had taken his father's 12-gauge shotgun, two lead weights, wire, rope, shells and a miner's helmet so that he could see while wading out into the water.

At a stock pond on his father's hunting grounds, about three miles beyond No Trees, they sat in the jeep and talked for fifteen or twenty minutes. Betty was cheerful and spoke about heaven. The blast tore into the side of her head and partly decapitated her. He left his muddy boots on the bank, drove home and went to school the next morning as though nothing had happened.

At 7.45 a.m. on 22 March 1961 Betty's mother telephoned the police. Betty had not been seen since ten o'clock the previous night, and torn bedclothing in her room made the police fear foul play. At school the principal pulled her friends out of class one by one. I killed her.' He said she had begged him, that she wanted to go to heaven and thought it the only way to be happy, and that there was no motive and he thought he was crazy.

He said Betty first asked him on the Monday and he agreed on the Tuesday, that he had made up his mind before collecting her, and that he had hoped to talk her out of it but knew he could go through with it. He described the kiss, the shot, the weights, the miner's helmet and the walk back to the car to warm himself. He said he felt towards her 'like a cat dying in a muddy street in the rain'. Officers did not believe him at first. Four officers and a criminal investigator drove with him out along the Kermit highway, turned down a cow path and climbed an incline to the pond, which afterwards was known as Dead Girl's Pond. They found blood, tissue and skin where he said the shooting happened, and his boots on the shore. The press photographed him at the scene for twenty minutes; he was not handcuffed. The autopsy found the shotgun had been held against her skin, that her brain was destroyed, and that she had not been sexually assaulted and was not pregnant.

A second note, written earlier, was produced as evidence that Betty had been contemplating suicide, although it predated the killing by months. Odessa largely blamed Betty. His strategy was temporary insanity. Under Texas law at the time, a defendant found temporarily insane at the moment of the crime walked free without any hospital commitment.

The hearing became a carnival. The defence called his parents, teachers, the head football coach, the former principal and a string of character witnesses, all of whom described him as a fine boy. Classmates testified that Betty had asked them to kill her but that they had not taken her seriously.

It was moved 600 miles to Beaumont. The courtroom applauded and he was mobbed by jubilant supporters. He never got into trouble again. A reporter who saw him in later life found a solitary man in a mint-green frame house with a rusted pickup and a yard of packed dirt, eating frozen Salisbury steak. He died on 5 January 2019, aged 75.

Betty became a ghost story. From the 1960s teenagers parked opposite Odessa High School at midnight, flashed their headlights three times and called her name, hoping to see her at the auditorium windows. The stories multiplied: that she fell from a ladder, hanged herself, or was shot on stage by a football-player boyfriend during a play. The school painted over the auditorium windows in 2007. Teachers and pupils still report footsteps, flickering lights and moving objects, and a coach who knew her is said to be visited in the field house. In 2015 the theatre arts teacher said that whenever something unexplained happens, someone says: 'It's Betty.'

The case

Murder of Betty Jean Williams

Victims

Betty Jean Williams (17). Odessa High School senior, aspiring actress, known as Betty

Accused and outcomes

As told in the episode, on 3 November 2022.

Accused

Outcome

Other people

Shelton 'Shelly' Williams. Betty's cousin; wrote the book Washed in Blood
Ike Nail. junior who took Betty home from rehearsal and was with her in the alley
Will Rosebud. athlete Betty slept with while she was dating
Warren Burnett. defence attorney
Dan Sullivan. prosecutor
Dr Marvin Grice. psychiatrist who testified was temporarily insane
Mary Williams. Betty's mother, worked at JCPenney
Betty's father. a carpenter and strict Baptist
Howard Sellers. classmate who testified for
Larry Francel. friend
Bessie W. Stanley. teacher who tutored
Ronnie White. teacher who returned to Odessa High in 1978
Sammie Sanchez. student who researched the haunting

The timeline

  1. February 1960 scores 128 on an IQ test at school. (Odessa High School)about 0:44:44
  2. the summer of 1960 Betty Williams, 17, and , 17, start dating. (Odessa)about 0:48:05
  3. September 23rd, 1960 Betty writes in study hall about finally being a senior and getting her senior ring. (Odessa High School)about 1:09:10
  4. Betty sleeps with Will Rosebud while is out of town; finds out and breaks up with her. (Odessa)about 1:00:51
  5. the winter of 1960 Betty becomes deeply depressed and tells friends she would be better off dead. (Odessa)about 1:19:12

Places and phrases

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Places in the story

Public places are marked on the map.

Heard in this episode